A prolonged El Niño phenomenon developing in the Pacific Ocean could create severe global climate challenges and remain active until early 2027, according to weather experts and international climate organisations. The unusual warming of Pacific Ocean waters has raised concerns over extreme weather events, food shortages, and economic disruptions worldwide.
Scientists Warn of Extended El Niño Impact
Normally, El Niño remains active for around 9 to 12 months, but this time experts fear it could continue for a much longer period, making it one of the longest-lasting climate challenges in recent history.
The US-based Climate Prediction Center has indicated that the impact of El Niño may continue until 2027. The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) has also expressed concern over the unusual oceanic conditions.
Forecasts from the North American Multi-Model Ensemble suggest that sea surface temperatures in the tropical Pacific could rise by 2 degrees Celsius or more above normal levels, indicating the possibility of a strong “Super El Niño” event.
Global Agriculture and Economy at Risk
International agencies have warned that a prolonged El Niño could push up food prices and trigger inflation worldwide. Countries already facing higher fertiliser costs may experience additional pressure on agricultural production.
Experts fear drought conditions in Asia, Africa and Australia, while parts of South America could witness heavy rainfall and flooding. Crop losses, reduced water availability, and damage to ecosystems could affect global food supplies.
The long-term impact may continue even after ocean temperatures return to normal, affecting soil moisture, reservoirs, fisheries and coral reefs.
India Faces Major Weather Concerns
For India, El Niño remains a serious concern as it directly influences the southwest monsoon. Historically, El Niño years are often associated with weaker monsoon rainfall and increased drought risks.
The phenomenon could lead to irregular rainfall, heatwaves and reduced precipitation across South Asia. Rain-dependent agriculture, irrigation systems, hydropower projects and drinking water supplies may face significant challenges.
Food Prices May Rise Globally
A decline in agricultural output could increase prices of essential commodities such as rice, wheat, pulses and vegetables in India and other Asian countries.
Experts have urged global policymakers to prepare early strategies to control food price volatility, strengthen climate resilience and prevent a wider humanitarian crisis caused by extreme weather conditions.