The International Crimes Tribunal (ICT) has delivered a landmark verdict sentencing former Bangladesh Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina to death. She has been convicted on multiple charges of crimes against humanity linked to the violent crackdown on protestors during the 2024 student movement.
Background: From Student Protests to Nationwide Uprising
In July 2024, students across Bangladesh launched a peaceful movement demanding reforms in the government job quota system. What began as a campus-led protest soon transformed into a massive nationwide uprising, with a growing demand for Sheikh Hasina’s resignation.
The government responded with increasingly forceful measures to suppress the unrest. According to UN investigators, nearly 1,400 civilians were killed during the violence that engulfed the country.
On 5 August 2024, amid escalating turmoil, Sheikh Hasina resigned from the prime minister’s post and fled to India, citing threats to her life.
Formation of Interim Government and Tribunal
After her departure, an interim government led by Nobel Laureate Dr. Muhammad Yunus was formed. Soon after taking charge, the interim administration initiated several cases against Sheikh Hasina, accusing her of severe human rights violations.
A newly constituted International Crimes Tribunal (ICT) brought multiple charges against her, including mass killings, torture, and destruction of evidence.
Charges Against Sheikh Hasina
The ICT examined 84 pieces of evidence and extensive witness testimonies before delivering its verdict. The main allegations considered by the court included:
1. Ordering Killings Instead of Stopping Protests
She allegedly directed forces to open fire on peaceful demonstrators.
2. Use of Lethal Weapons and Drones
The prosecution claimed that security forces used deadly weapons, including drones, to suppress and kill protestors.
3. Aerial Attacks From Helicopters
Hasina was accused of ordering bombs to be dropped from helicopters onto student protestors.
4. Abductions and Burning of Bodies
Several protestors were allegedly abducted, and their bodies were burnt to destroy evidence.
5. Interference in Investigations
The court found evidence suggesting that investigative agencies were pressured to cover up atrocities.
The tribunal also ruled that former Home Minister Asaduzzaman Khan was guilty and handed him the death penalty. Another senior official, who turned government witness, received a five-year prison sentence.
Trial in Absentia and Allegations of Bias
Since Sheikh Hasina has been living in India, the trial was conducted in absentia. A state-appointed lawyer represented her, although there was no direct communication between Hasina and the legal counsel.
Her legal team has condemned the trial as politically motivated and lacking due process. They have filed appeals with the United Nations, arguing that the proceedings were biased and unfair.
Hasina herself issued a statement calling the verdict “politically driven and discriminatory,” alleging that she was denied the chance to be heard.
Unrest Erupts in Bangladesh After Verdict
Following the ICT’s ruling, fresh unrest has erupted across Bangladesh. Supporters of the Awami League clashed with police, resulting in at least two deaths. Protestors have blocked major roads in Dhaka, leading to widespread disruptions.
Police have responded with tear gas, batons, and stun grenades to control crowds. Viral videos circulating on social media show officers beating demonstrators and large groups marching toward important locations, including Dhanmondi, the area of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman’s residence.
The Awami League, which was banned in 2024 by the interim government, has called for a two-day nationwide shutdown, alleging that the verdict is politically engineered.
India Closely Monitoring the Situation
India is monitoring developments in Bangladesh with “close attention,” especially since Sheikh Hasina is currently under India’s protection. The Ministry of External Affairs stated that as a neighbouring country, India is carefully observing every development in Bangladesh and remains committed to the welfare of Bangladeshi citizens.
Hasina’s Escape to India
During the height of the 2024 unrest, Sheikh Hasina reportedly fled Bangladesh late at night and entered India, taking temporary shelter before being moved to Delhi with support from the Indian government. Reports at the time suggested credible threats to her life.